Justia ERISA Opinion Summaries

The Fifth Circuit affirmed the district court's dismissal of a putative class action alleging that the RadioShack board of directors and plan administrative committee breached their fiduciary duties under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. 1001 et seq. Plaintiffs alleged that defendants violated ERISA by allowing plan participants to invest in RadioShack stock despite the company's descent into bankruptcy. The court held that the complaint did not plausibly state any fiduciary claims with respect to the Plan and that plaintiffs did not have standing to bring claims regarding the Puerto Rico Plan. View "Singh v. RadioShack Corp." on Justia Law

Plaintiff-appellant Elizabeth Cates was a former patient of defendant-appellee Integris Health, Inc.’s medical facility and claimed defendant wrongfully billed her, and others like her, for services. She filed this action in state court, alleging state-law claims for breach of contract, violation of the Oklahoma Consumer Protection Act, and deceit. Defendant successfully moved to dismiss these claims on the ground that they were expressly preempted by the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act. On appeal, the Oklahoma Supreme Court reversed and held that plaintiff’s claims were not preempted. The case was returned to the trial court for further proceedings. View "Cates v. Integris Health, Inc." on Justia Law

St. Peter’s, a non-profit healthcare entity, runs a hospital, employing over 2,800 people, with ties to a New Jersey Roman Catholic Diocese. The Bishop appoints most Board of Governors members and retains veto authority over Board actions. The hospital has daily Mass and Catholic devotional pictures throughout the building. In 1974, St. Peter’s established a non-contributory defined benefit retirement plan; operated the plan subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA); and represented that it was complying with ERISA. In 2006 St. Peter’s sought a church plan exemption from ERISA, 26 U.S.C. 414(e); 29 U.S.C. 1002(33), continuing to pay ERISA-mandated insurance premiums while the application was pending. In 2013, Kaplan, who worked for St. Peter’s until 1999, filed a putative class action alleging that St. Peter’s did not provide ERISA-compliant summary plan descriptions or pension benefits statements, and that, as of 2011, the plan was underfunded by $70 million. While the lawsuit was pending, St. Peter’s received an IRS private letter ruling. affirming the plan’s status as an exempt church plan. The Third Circuit initially affirmed the denial of a motion to dismiss, concluding that St. Peter’s was not a church. The court reversed, following a June 5, 2017, order by the Supreme Court of the United States. View "Kaplan v. Saint Peter's Healthcare System" on Justia Law

Anka has a history of serious mental illness, including paranoid delusions, and has received mental health treatment. Anka killed her husband, Zeljko. The couple's child, M., was 13. The trial judge determined that the state established each element of first-degree murder beyond a reasonable doubt but that Anka established by clear and convincing evidence that she was insane at the time of the offense and found Anka not guilty by reason of insanity. Zeljko had worked as a union laborer and earned a vested pension; when a married participant dies before the benefit commences, the participant’s spouse receives a monthly annuity payable for the spouse’s life. Where the deceased does not have a surviving spouse, the individual’s minor child receives a monthly benefit until the child reaches age 21. After Zeljko’s death, both Anka and M. sought to recover Zeljko’s pension benefits. Neither the Fund’s documents nor the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. 1001–1461, address whether a claimant who killed the participant can receive a benefit. The Illinois Probate Act’s “slayer statute,” provides that “[a] person who intentionally and unjustifiably causes the death of another shall not receive any property ... by reason of the death,” 755 ILCS 5/2‐6. The district court granted M.M. judgment on the pleadings. The Seventh Circuit affirmed. ERISA does not preempt the Illinois slayer statute, which bars even those found not guilty by reason of insanity from recovering from the deceased. View "Miscevic v. Estate of M.M." on Justia Law

Anka has a history of serious mental illness, including paranoid delusions, and has received mental health treatment. Anka killed her husband, Zeljko. The couple's child, M., was 13. The trial judge determined that the state established each element of first-degree murder beyond a reasonable doubt but that Anka established by clear and convincing evidence that she was insane at the time of the offense and found Anka not guilty by reason of insanity. Zeljko had worked as a union laborer and earned a vested pension; when a married participant dies before the benefit commences, the participant’s spouse receives a monthly annuity payable for the spouse’s life. Where the deceased does not have a surviving spouse, the individual’s minor child receives a monthly benefit until the child reaches age 21. After Zeljko’s death, both Anka and M. sought to recover Zeljko’s pension benefits. Neither the Fund’s documents nor the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. 1001–1461, address whether a claimant who killed the participant can receive a benefit. The Illinois Probate Act’s “slayer statute,” provides that “[a] person who intentionally and unjustifiably causes the death of another shall not receive any property ... by reason of the death,” 755 ILCS 5/2‐6. The district court granted M.M. judgment on the pleadings. The Seventh Circuit affirmed. ERISA does not preempt the Illinois slayer statute, which bars even those found not guilty by reason of insanity from recovering from the deceased. View "Miscevic v. Estate of M.M." on Justia Law

Weis, a stonework firm, was required by a collective-bargaining agreement (CBA) to contribute to the Laborers’ Pension Fund for each hour worked by Union members. Weis complied for many years, then began using more skilled marble setters and finishers on its jobs, gradually stopped hiring Union members, ceased paying into the Fund, and terminated its CBA with the Union. The Fund, a multiemployer pension plan governed by ERISA and the Multiemployer Pension Plan Amendment Act, served notice that Weis owed more than $600,000 in withdrawal liability. Weis paid but challenged the assessment in arbitration, invoking 29 U.S.C. 1383(b): An employer in the building and construction industry is subject to withdrawal liability only if, after its contribution obligation ceases, it continues to perform work in the jurisdiction of the CBA of the type for which contributions were previously required. The Fund argued that the arbitrator misread the phrase “previously required” to mean “previously collected by the plan.” A district judge confirmed the award but denied Weis attorney’s fees. The Seventh Circuit affirmed. The Fund waived its statutory-interpretation argument by failing to raise it in arbitration and did not meaningfully challenge the arbitrator’s factual determinations. The judge did not abuse his discretion in denying Weis’s motion for attorney’s fees. View "Laborers' Pension Fund v. W.R. Weis Company, Inc." on Justia Law

The Eighth Circuit affirmed the district court's grant of summary judgment in favor of ConAgra in an action seeking to recover severance benefits under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 29 U.S.C. 1001 et seq. The court held that ConAgra's financial conflict of interest was still a relevant factor the court considered in determining whether ConAgra abused its discretion in denying plaintiff's claim; ConAgra did not abuse its discretion in determining that plaintiff lacked good reason to self-terminate; and because ConAgra's decision was reasonable, ConAgra did not abuse its discretion in denying plaintiff's claim for benefits. Furthermore, ConAgra did not breach its fiduciary duty to plaintiff by misstating or omitting certain material information when communicating with him. Finally, the court held that plaintiff's claims were not frivolous and affirmed the award of attorney's fees incurred by plaintiff. View "Boyd v. ConAgra Foods, Inc." on Justia Law

Cincinnati ordinances provide guidelines for selecting the “lowest and best bidder” on Department of Sewers projects to “ensure efficient use of taxpayer dollars, minimize waste, and promote worker safety and fair treatment of workers” and for bids for “Greater Cincinnati Water Works and the stormwater management utility division,” to employ skilled contractors, committed to the city’s “safety, quality, time, and budgetary concerns.” Allied alleged that the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) preempted: a requirement that the bidder certify whether it contributes to a health care plan for employees working on the project as part of the employee’s regular compensation; a requirement that the bidder similarly certify whether it contributes to an employee pension or retirement program; and imposition of an apprenticeship standard. Allied asserts that the only apprenticeship program that meets that requirement is the Union’s apprenticeship program, which is not available to non-Union contractors. The ordinances also require the winning contractor to pay $.10 per hour per worker into a city-managed pre-apprenticeship training fund, not to be taken from fringe benefits. The district court granted Allied summary judgment. The Sixth Circuit reversed. Where a state or municipality acts as a proprietor rather than a regulator, it is not subject to ERISA preemption. The city was a market participant here: the benefit-certification requirements and the apprenticeship requirements reflect its interests in the efficient procurement of goods and services. View "Allied Construction Industries v. City of Cincinnati" on Justia Law

Life Insurance Company of North America’s terminated plaintiff-appellant Carl Van Steen’s long-term disability benefits under Lockheed Martin’s ERISA Plan. Life Insurance Company of North America (LINA) appealed the district court’s finding that its decision to terminate Van Steen’s benefits was arbitrary and capricious. Van Steen, in turn, appealed the district court’s denial of his attorney’s fees request. Van Steen was physically assaulted during an altercation while walking his dog. The assault resulted in a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that impacted Van Steen’s cognitive abilities that prevented him from returning to full time work; Van Steen was eventually allowed to return to part-time work on a daily basis roughly six weeks later. Even on a part-time schedule, Van Steen experienced cognitive fatigue and headaches that required him to frequently rest. Due to his inability to stay organized and keep track of deadlines after the assault, Van Steen received poor feedback on his job performance. Van Steen’s claim for partial long-term disability benefits was approved on March 30, 2012. Roughly a year later, LINA reviewed Van Steen’s file, contacted his doctors, and confirmed that Van Steen’s condition and restrictions were permanent as he was “not likely to improve.” Despite this prognosis, LINA sent Van Steen a letter one week later terminating his long-term disability benefits, explaining that “the medical documentation on file does not continue to support the current restrictions and limitations to preclude you from resuming a full-time work schedule.” Having exhausted his administrative appeals under the Plan, Van Steen next sought relief before the district court. The district court reversed LINA’s decision to terminate Van Steen’s partial long-term disability benefits on the grounds that it was arbitrary and capricious, but denied Van Steen’s request for attorney’s fees. The Tenth Circuit agreed with the district court’s reversal of LINA’s decision to terminate Van Steen’s coverage. The Court also found that Van Steen was not eligible for attorney fees: “Van Steen’s arguments fail to convince us that the district court’s decision was based on a clear error of judgment or exceeded the bounds of permissible choice.” View "Van Steen v. Life Insurance Company N.A." on Justia Law

Cigna filed suit against Humble seeking overpayments and Humble counterclaimed under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and Texas state common law. The district court concluded that Cigna's claims and defenses failed as a matter of law, and awarded Humble damages and penalties. The Fifth Circuit held that the district court failed to apply the required abuse of discretion analysis; other courts have upheld Cigna's interpretation of its insurance plans; and there was substantial evidence supporting Cigna's interpretation. Therefore, the court reversed the district court's judgment. The court also held that Cigna was not a named plan administrator and reversed the district court's award of ERISA penalties against Cigna. The court vacated in part the district court's dismissal of Cigna's claims against Humble and vacated the district court's award of attorneys' fees, remanding for further consideration. View "Connecticut General Life Insurance Co. v. Humble Surgical Hospital, LLC" on Justia Law